Air cooling device for internal combustion engines



Jan. 6,1942. R. MARAI S 2,268,954

AIR CQQLING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 28, 1959 3'Sheets-Sheet 1 If fiver fa);

s 5.. warez) Jan. 6, 1942- us 2,268,954

AIR COOLING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 28, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 R. MARAIS Jan. 6, 1942.

AIR COOLING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 28, 1939 Patented Jan. 6, 1942 s PATENT OFFICE,

AIR COOLING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Rene Marais, Paris,'France, assignor to Socit Anonyme Andi- Citroen, Paris, France Application December 28, 1939, Serial No. 311,433

In France December 29, 1938 I 2 Claims. The invention has for object an air cooling device for internal combustion engines, which uses the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases for sucking the air necessary for cooling the en- The device is applicable, preferably, to engines comprising fins cast in one piece with the cylinder or secured on the latter.

The energy of the exhaust gases is directly used as soon as they issue from the combustion chamber, the driving nozzle being constituted by the annular space comprised between the exhaust valve and its seat.

The exhaust valve. and the inlet valve'are concentrically arranged according to the axis of the cylinder, the inlet being within the exhaust'.

The exhaust gases spend their kinetic energy by drawing along the air necessary for cooling the engine, owing to convergent nozzles concentric with the valves.

The air is sucked in through said nozzles after passing over the fins of the cylinder.

The mixture of the gases with the air drawn along isthen led to a chamber in the shape of a turbine volute. I From said chamber, said mixture is evacuated either directly in the atmosphere, or indirectly after passing through a silencer or muflier.

Fig. 1 illustrates a sectional elevation of an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.

Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate horizontal sections made according to lines IIIIII and IVIV of Fig. 1.

- Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a modification.

Fig. "6 is a partial horizontal section made according to-line VI--VI of Fig. 5.

The form of construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 comprises a cylinder l externally provided with fins 2. Around said cylinder is provided a casing 3 preferably made of sheet metal. This casing is provided with av series of opening 4 constituting external air intakes and a series of channels 5 which connect the fins to a suction chamber 6. This circular chamber has a certain number of air directing blades or vanes I adapt- Above the exhaust orifice are arranged a plurality of mixing nozzle 13 concentric with the valves 9 and lo. Said nozzles are convergent and have progressively increasing cross sections at their ends.

'I'he last mixing nozzle is extended byan annular divergent channel 14. directed tangentially in the transverse direction, towards a chamber l5 of spiral shape. The cross sections of said chamber increase progressively up to the outlet nozzle l6.

This spiral shape is similar to that of a turbine stator, and several outlet nozzles can be provided, as in certain turbines.

A silencer or muflier can be connected to each outlet nozzle l6.

The valves are controlled by means of rockers l1 and la. in the particular arrangement illustrated, both valves 9 and I0, are restored by one and the same spring [9 by means oi'an auxiliary lever 20. The poppet valve 9 is moreover pressed on its seat by a spring 23.

As the exhaust valve 9 is open slightly before the lower dead centre, the gases contained in the cylinder l expand as soon as they issue from the latter through the annular space comprised between said valve 9 and its seat.

I At the end of the exhaust orifice 9 all the energy of the gases is converted into speed, and V 'the suction of the air for cooling the cylinder takes place by driving it .through the mixing nozzles l3. The-curvature of the gaseous stream greatly facilitates this driving; the streams of;

the driving fluid, the speed of which is maximum on the concave side of the curvature, are in con- 9 can be indirect comtact with the fiuid streams to be driven along.

The air for cooling the engine is sucked in the atmosphere through the openings 4.

From these openings it passes on the fins 2 of the cylinder andcools them, then in the channels 5 which lead it into the suction chamber 9.

To the air thus reheated is imported, in said I chamber, a gyratory movement owing to the directing blades or vanes I. This facilitates the suction by the exhaust gases after the passage of the air through the mixing nozzles I 3, and contributesin cooling the cylinder head. 1

The coolingof the central part of the device can be, eventually completed by the passage of air through the holes 2|; likewise, the cooling of the outside of the exhaust valve 9 can be en-. sured by the passage 01' air through the holes II.

This channel is during the admission stroke.

' mixture exhaust gasesair drawn along," after passing through the circular-.divera f accepts concentrically with respecttothe'a'xis ot the. cylinder above said casing, said housing having a'spiral-shaped interior with the cross-section gent channel I is tangentially admitted in the spiral or volute II which acts as 'speed'dam'ping device and mixer. I

The mixture is then evacuated at slow speed into the atmosphere through the nozzle I.

In the particular arrangement illustrated in Figs. and 6, the cylinder head is secured by screwing on the cylinder. These two parts can be assembled in another manneror they can be made in one piece.

The cylinder head externally comprises a series of radial fins 23 directed according to generatrices;

These fins are surrounded by a cylindrical casing 24, preferably made ofsheet metal.

The air sucked by the nozzles 28 enters at 26 and, canalised by the casing sweeps over the housing formed with an outlet and-arranged increasing towards said outlet, a series of nozzles arranged above the cylinder head and around said valve having outlet orifices adjacent the periphery of the 'outlet valve, means communicating the casing with said nozzles so that the cooling medium passes in contact with the cylinder and the cylinder head, andineans directing the discharge of said nozzles into said housing. a V

2. apparatus for moving a cooling gaseous medium over a cylinder of an internal combustion engine having a, cylinder head comprising, a valve in the cylinder head for evacuating combustion gases from the top oi the cylinder and axially thereof, an annular surrounding the top portion 01' the, cylinder having at least one inlet for admitting gaseous fluid medium,

' a housing termed with an outlet and arranged fins 23 before being evacuated, mixed with the exhaust gases according to the same method as that previously indicated.

It is to be understood that the embodiment above described is given only by way oi. example and not in a limiting sense and that the details or arrangement of the members can be modified.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for moving a cooling gaseous medium over a cylinder of an internal combustion I engine having a cylinder head comprising, a

one inlet for admitting gaseous, fluid medium, a

concentrically with respect to the axis of the cylinder above said casing, said housing having a spiral shaped interior with th cross-section increasing towards said outlet, a series of nozzles arranged above the cylinder head and around said valve having outlet orifices adjacent the periphery of the outlet valve, means communicating the casing with said nozzles so that the coolingmedium passesin contact with the cylinder and the cylinder head, means directing the discharge of said nozzles into said housing, and baiiles between the nozzles and said casing for. imparting gyratory..movement to the cooling medium.

RENE I MARAIS. 

